Skip to content

Methods, limitations and references

Methods and limitations

Date. All sources were checked on 7 October 2026.

Evidence labels. [E] = established (stated by a statute, regulator, guideline, trial publication or registry report); [I] = inference (reasoning from cited facts); [S] = speculation.

Source tiers.

  • Tier 1 (preferred):
  • Swedish sources: RCC KLL vårdprogram v8.2 (27 Jan 2026), SVF v3.3, the national KLL registry report (Oct/Dec 2025), 1177 and Region Skåne pages, and Swedish statutes.
  • Regulators and payers: EMA EPARs, SmPCs and procedural documents; TLV decisions; NT-rådet; Folkhälsomyndigheten; the FDA notice.
  • Primary trial publications, and the trial registries CTIS, ClinicalTrials.gov and RCC.
  • Tier 2: iwCLL 2018, EHA 2026, ESMO 2024, the ERIC recommendations, NCCN v2.2027 (version listed on nccn.org; professional text not read) and the NCCN 2026 patient guideline (read), German S3/Onkopedia, the Australasian consensus, systematic reviews, and university profiles.
  • Tier 3, flagged wherever used: trade-press congress coverage, press releases and manufacturer pages.

Limits of the sources.

  • Region Skåne pages (vardgivare.skane.se and vard.skane.se) are cited from dated archived copies of the web pages. Later versions are not verified, including the second-opinion routine approved 24 June 2026 and possible September 2026 updates to Skånelistan.
  • Guidelines not read in full. The professional NCCN guideline and BSH 2025 (summary level only).
  • Trials read as abstracts only. CLL17, AMPLIFY, CLL13 2026, GLOW 2026 and FLAIR 2025.
  • Congress data seen only through secondary reports. CLL14 9-year, SEQUOIA 6-year and CAPTIVATE final results.
  • Not read at all. BRUIN CLL-322 results, the Hampel 2025 Richter-incidence study, the SLIPI guideline, the WHO blue book, and Rigshospitalet's own pages.
  • Not verified with the clinics. Site-level trial enrolment and individual clinic sessions.

Other limitations.

  • PubMed counts are approximate and measure research output, not clinical quality.
  • A few figures should be checked against the original publications before clinical use: the Danish infection cohort, some ELEVATE-RR adverse-event percentages, and the BRUIN CLL-314 safety table.

Known unresolved discrepancies.

  • CAPTIVATE TP53-subgroup PFS: 30% or 36%.
  • SEQUOIA hypertension: 19.6% or 22.9%.
  • EHA 2026: its ">30 G/L" doubling-time wording, and its labelling of the 4-year CLL13 figures as 5-year.
  • Infection deaths in the Dutch cause-of-death study: 10% in the text, 8% in the table.
  • TLV's zanubrutinib scope: we used the later (November 2023) decision.

References

Access flags: [FT] full text read · [ABS] abstract only · [CONF] conference abstract · [SEC] secondary report (news or review) · [PR] press release or company material · [ARCH] archived copy · [REG] registry record · [LABEL] regulatory product information · [TITLE] bibliographic record only. Dates are publication or last-update dates as shown by the source; all were accessed on 7 October 2026.

Swedish national guidance, registry and patient information

  • RCC i samverkan. Nationellt vårdprogram kronisk lymfatisk leukemi (KLL), version 8.2, adopted 2026-01-27. PDF; web. [FT]
  • RCC. Standardiserat vårdförlopp maligna lymfom och KLL, v3.3, 2024-11-05. Web; PDF. [FT]
  • Nationellt kvalitetsregister för KLL. Sammanfattning av den interaktiva årsrapporten för diagnosår 2024, v1 2025-10-29, v2 2025-12-01. PDF. [FT]
  • KLL registry report, 2024-09-26. PDF. [FT]
  • RCC. Nationellt vårdprogram Cancerrehabilitering v4.0, §9.2. Web. [FT]
  • RCC. Cancerstudier i Sverige (updated 2026-10-06); CLL18 page. Web. [FT]
  • RCC. Regimbiblioteket – KLL. Web. Partial access.
    1. Leukemi (updated 2026-07-30). Web. [FT]
  • 1177 Vårdpersonal. Maligna lymfom och kronisk lymfatisk leukemi (2024-11-05). Web. [FT]

Swedish law, patient rights and regional administration

  • Patientlag (2014:821), consolidated through SFS 2026:213. riksdagen.se. [FT]
  • Hälso- och sjukvårdslag (2017:30), through SFS 2026:1312. riksdagen.se. [FT]
  • Biobankslag (2023:38). riksdagen.se. [FT]
  • Lag (2013:513) om ersättning för kostnader till följd av vård i ett annat land inom EES. riksdagen.se. [FT]
  • Tryckfrihetsförordning (1949:105). riksdagen.se; Patientdatalag (2008:355). riksdagen.se. [FT]
  • 1177 Skåne. Ny medicinsk bedömning (2024-10-21). Web. [FT]
  • 1177 Skåne. Patientavgifter i Skåne (2026-01-01). Web. [FT]
  • 1177 Skåne. Remiss och egen vårdbegäran. Web; Välja vårdmottagning. Web. [FT]
  • 1177 Skåne. Läs din journal (Skåne section 2024-10-17). Web. [FT]
  • Region Skåne. Begäran om tillgång till personuppgifter, form v2026-06-01. PDF. [FT]
    1. Kontaktsjuksköterskan (2021-12-02). Web; Min vårdplan (2026-08-17). Web. [FT]
    1. Vård utomlands (2022-04-20). Web. [FT]
  • Region Skåne. Tillämpningsanvisningar – Remisshantering i Region Skåne, v2.0, 2025-04-03. ARCH
  • Region Skåne. Vård i och från andra regioner, capture 2026-10-01. ARCH
  • Region Skåne. AKO Skåne-riktlinje: Maligna lymfom och KLL, updated 2025-05-22. ARCH
  • SUS. Hematologi (updated 2026-04-24). ARCH
  • Skånetrafiken / Region Skåne. Villkor för serviceresor … och sjukresor (Regionfullmäktige 2025-04-08). PDF; Sjukresor. Web. [FT]
  • SKR. Riksavtal för utomlänsvård (valid from 2025-09-01). PDF; guidance page, 2026-08-11; Patientavgifter 2026. Web. [FT]
  • Karolinska. Vård för dig som bor utanför Region Stockholm; Egenremiss (both 2025-06-18). Web 1; Web 2. [FT]
  • Akademiska. Hematologmottagningen (2025-07-04). Web. [FT]
  • Försäkringskassan. Planerad vård utomlands (2026-09-14). Web; Patient som ska söka vård utomlands (2024-03-06). Web. [FT]
  • Styrelsen for Patientsikkerhed. Access to healthcare in Denmark. Web. [FT]
  • IMY. Rätt till tillgång (2026-09-18). Web; Dina rättigheter i vården. Web. [FT]
  • Altinget. Hospitaler vil behandle patienter fra udlandet (2012-06-06). Web. [SEC, partial]
  • 1177 contact cards: Hematologimottagning Lund, Malmö, Helsingborg, Kristianstad; Onkologimottagning 1 Lund. [FT]
  • Region Skåne Labmedicin, AnalysPortalen entries for FISH, the myeloid/KLL panel and IGHV. FISH; panel; IGHV. [ARCH]
  • Swedac. Accreditation 1309 (decision 2025-12-12). Web. [FT]
  • ERIC. TP53 network; IG network (both modified 2026-09-18). TP53; IG. [FT]
  • Karolinska. KLL genetisk utredning inför behandling (2026-05-18). Web. [FT]

Regulatory and reimbursement

Guidelines and classification

  • Hallek M et al. iwCLL guidelines. Blood 2018;131:2745–60. DOI 10.1182/blood-2017-09-806398; PMID 29540348. Link. [FT]
  • Eichhorst B, Ghia P et al. EHA Guidelines on management of CLL and Richter transformation. HemaSphere 2026;10(6):e70403 (2026-06-10). DOI 10.1002/hem3.70403; PMID 42293463. PMC; correction e70457 PMC. [FT]
  • Eichhorst B et al. ESMO CPG interim update. Ann Oncol 2024;35:762–68. DOI 10.1016/j.annonc.2024.06.016; PMID 38969011. Link. [FT via repository]
  • Alaggio R et al. WHO-HAEM5. Leukemia 2022;36:1720–48. DOI 10.1038/s41375-022-01620-2; PMID 35732829. PMC. [FT]
  • Campo E et al. International Consensus Classification. Blood 2022;140:1229–53. DOI 10.1182/blood.2022015851; PMID 35653592. PMC. [FT]
  • Falini B et al. ICC vs WHO-HAEM5. Leukemia 2023;37:18–34. DOI 10.1038/s41375-022-01764-1; PMID 36460764. PMC. [FT]
  • Malcikova J et al. ERIC TP53 recommendations 2024. Leukemia 2024;38:1455–68. DOI 10.1038/s41375-024-02267-x; PMID 38755420. PMC. [FT]
  • Agathangelidis A et al. ERIC IGHV 2022. Leukemia 2022;36:1961–68. DOI 10.1038/s41375-022-01604-2; PMID 35614318. PMC. [FT]
  • Rawstron AC et al. ERIC/ESCCA flow-cytometry harmonisation. Cytometry B 2018. DOI 10.1002/cyto.b.21595; PMID 29024461. PMC. [FT]
  • Kittai AS et al. ERIC Richter consensus. Blood 2025;146:291–303. DOI 10.1182/blood.2024028064; PMID 40239121. PubMed. [ABS]
  • Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie. S3-Leitlinie CLL, v2.0 (Dec 2024). PDF; DGHO Onkopedia CLL (Sept 2025). Web. [FT]
  • NCCN Guidelines for Patients: CLL 2026. PDF [FT]; Wierda WG et al. NCCN Insights v2.2026. JNCCN 2026;24:68–80. DOI 10.6004/jnccn.2026.0012; PMID 41825137. PubMed. [ABS]
  • Walewska R et al. BSH guideline 2025. Br J Haematol 2025;207:2296–313. DOI 10.1111/bjh.70100; PMID 41069109. BSH page. Summary only.
  • McKeague S et al. Australasian CLL consensus 2026. Intern Med J 2026;56:1421–28. DOI 10.1111/imj.70503; PMID 42411936. PMC. [FT]
  • McKeague S, Seymour JF. Triplet regimens in frontline CLL. HemaSphere 2026;10:e70303. DOI 10.1002/hem3.70303; PMID 41560849. PMC. [ABS]
  • NICE NG47 (2016). Web. [FT]
  • Lyon AR et al. 2022 ESC cardio-oncology guidelines. DOI 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac244; PMID 36017568. Link. [FT, via a mirrored copy]
  • Pelliccia A et al. 2020 ESC sports cardiology. DOI 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa605; PMID 32860412. Link. [FT]
  • Greco R et al. EBMT indications 2025. Bone Marrow Transplant 2025;60:1499–525. DOI 10.1038/s41409-025-02701-3. PDF. [FT]
  • Campbell KL et al. ACSM exercise guidelines for cancer survivors. MSSE 2019. DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002116; PMID 31626055. PMC. [FT]
  • Rubin LG et al. IDSA vaccination of the immunocompromised host. CID 2014. DOI 10.1093/cid/cit684; PMID 24311479. Link. [FT]
  • Maschmeyer G et al. ECIL position paper. Leukemia 2019. DOI 10.1038/s41375-019-0388-x; PMID 30700842. PMC. [FT]
  • Hwang JP et al. ASCO HBV screening. JCO 2020. DOI 10.1200/JCO.20.01757; PMID 32716741. PubMed. [ABS]
  • KVAST Hematopatologigrupp. Sampling instruction, 2019. PDF. [FT]

First-line and comparative trials

  • CLL14
  • Fischer K et al. NEJM 2019. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1815281; PMID 31166681. [ABS]
  • Al-Sawaf O et al. 6-year update. Blood 2024;144:1924–35. DOI 10.1182/blood.2024024631; PMID 39082668. PMC. [FT]
  • 9-year results, EHA 2026: OncLive [SEC]; AbbVie [PR]
  • CLL13/GAIA
  • Eichhorst B et al. NEJM 2023. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2213093; PMID 37163621. [ABS]
  • Fürstenau M et al. 4-year update. Lancet Oncol 2024. DOI 10.1016/S1470-2045(24)00196-7; PMID 38821083. [ABS]
  • Fürstenau M et al. 5-year update. Blood 2026;147:3025–38. DOI 10.1182/blood.2025032160; PMID 41911073. [ABS]
  • CLL17
  • Al-Sawaf O et al. NEJM 2026;394:1084–96. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2515458; PMID 41358601. PubMed. [ABS]
  • ASH 2025 abstract, Blood 146(Suppl 1):1. KU portal. [CONF]
  • Manufacturer summary. Web. [PR]
  • AMPLIFY
  • Brown JR et al. NEJM 2025;392:748–62. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2409804; PMID 39976417. [ABS]
  • EHA 2026 quality-of-life and age analyses. AJMC. [SEC]
  • CRISTALLO: Sharman JP et al. Blood 2026;147:2895–904. DOI 10.1182/blood.2025030630; PMID 41770817. PMC. [FT]
  • ELEVATE-TN: Sharman JP et al. 6-year update. Blood 2025;146:1276–85. DOI 10.1182/blood.2024024476; PMID 40198878. PMC. [FT]
  • SEQUOIA
  • Shadman M et al. 5-year update. JCO 2025;43:780–87. DOI 10.1200/JCO-24-02265; PMID 39647999. PMC. [FT]
  • 6-year results, ASH 2025. OncLive. [SEC]
  • Tam CS et al. TP53 pooled analysis. Blood Adv 2026. DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2025015986; PMID 40829104. [ABS]
  • RESONATE-2: Burger JA et al. Final analysis. Blood 2025;146:2168–76. DOI 10.1182/blood.2024028205; PMID 40737596. PMC. [FT]
  • E1912: Shanafelt TD et al. Blood 2022;140:112–20. PMID 35427411. PMC. [FT]
  • A041202: Woyach JA et al. Blood 2024. DOI 10.1182/blood.2023021959; PMID 38215395. [ABS]
  • A041702: posted results. Record. [REG]
  • FLAIR
  • Munir T et al. NEJM 2024. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2310063; PMID 38078508. Open-access copy. [FT]
  • Munir T et al. NEJM 2025;393:1177–90. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2504341; PMID 40521799. [ABS]
  • CAPTIVATE
  • Tam CS et al. Blood 2022. DOI 10.1182/blood.2021014488; PMID 35196370. [FT]
  • Final analysis. Targeted Oncology. [SEC]
  • GLOW
  • Niemann CU et al. 67-month update. Leukemia 2026 (e-pub 2026-10-02). DOI 10.1038/s41375-026-03150-7; PMID 42827117. [ABS]
  • Lenihan D et al. Cardiac deaths. Oncologist 2025. DOI 10.1093/oncolo/oyaf237. Partial access.
  • BRUIN CLL-313: Jurczak W et al. JCO 2026;44:466–75. DOI 10.1200/JCO-25-02380; PMID 41363773. [FT]
  • BRUIN CLL-314: Woyach JA et al. JCO 2026;44:476–85. DOI 10.1200/JCO-25-02477; PMID 41353787. PMC. [FT]
  • Pooled VenO, fit vs unfit: Al-Sawaf O et al. Blood 2025. DOI 10.1182/blood.2025028899; PMID 40864973. [ABS]
  • ELEVATE-RR
  • Byrd JC et al. JCO 2021;39:3441–52. DOI 10.1200/JCO.21.01210; PMID 34310172. PMC. [FT]
  • Woyach JA et al. Resistance genomics. Blood 2024. DOI 10.1182/blood.2023023659; PMID 38754046. [ABS]
  • ALPINE: Brown JR et al. Final analysis. Blood 2024. DOI 10.1182/blood.2024024667; PMID 39316666. PMC. [FT]
  • Meta-analyses and comparisons
  • Mushtaq A et al. Oncologist 2026. DOI 10.1093/oncolo/oyag102; PMID 41871445. PMC. [FT]
  • Hofstetter L et al. Eur J Haematol 2026. DOI 10.1111/ejh.70300; PMID 42657500. [ABS]
  • Wen T et al. JNCI 2025. DOI 10.1093/jnci/djae245; PMID 39392788. [ABS]
  • Munir T et al. BJH 2026. DOI 10.1111/bjh.70241; PMID 41215737. [FT]
  • Ongoing trials (registry records): MAJIC NCT05057494; CLL16 NCT05197192; STAIR NCT04963946. [REG]

Relapse, resistance, cellular therapy and emerging agents

  • Sequencing and retreatment
  • Kater AP et al. MURANO final analysis. Blood 2025;145:2733–45. DOI 10.1182/blood.2024025525; PMID 40009494. [ABS]
  • Castonguay M et al. Venetoclax retreatment. Blood Adv 2026;10:3357–66. DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2026019871; PMID 41843779. [ABS]
  • Jain N et al. Resistance after CAPTIVATE. Clin Cancer Res 2024. DOI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-3934; PMID 37955424. [ABS]
  • Pirtobrutinib
  • Mato AR et al. BRUIN phase 1/2. NEJM 2023. DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2300696; PMID 37407001. [ABS]
  • Sharman JP et al. BRUIN CLL-321. JCO 2025;43:2538–49. DOI 10.1200/JCO-25-00166; PMID 40479620. PMC. [FT]
  • Davids MS et al. BRUIN CLL-322. Lancet 2026. DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01204-3; PMID 42425121. [TITLE]
  • Resistance mutations
  • Brown JR et al. Pirtobrutinib genomics. Blood 2026. DOI 10.1182/blood.2024027009; PMID 41055698. [ABS]
  • Bonfiglio S et al. Blood Adv 2023. DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008821; PMID 36696464. PMC. [FT]
  • Woyach JA et al. JCO 2017. DOI 10.1200/JCO.2016.70.2282; PMID 28418267. [ABS]
  • Blombery P et al. Blood Adv 2022. DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008325; PMID 35901282. [ABS]
  • Double-refractory disease
  • Lew TE et al. Blood Adv 2021. DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005083; PMID 34478505. [ABS]
  • Eyre TA et al. Leuk Lymphoma 2023. DOI 10.1080/10428194.2023.2190436; PMID 36987650. [ABS]
  • CAR-T and transplantation
  • Siddiqi T et al. Liso-cel (TRANSCEND CLL 004). Lancet 2023. DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01052-8; PMID 37295445. [ABS]
  • Withdrawn liso-cel phase 3. NCT06205290. [REG]
  • Roeker LE et al. Allo-HCT after novel agents. Blood Adv 2020. DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001956; PMID 32841336. [ABS]
  • Kim HT et al. Allo-HCT. Blood Adv 2020. DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002184; PMID 32882002. [ABS]
  • Emerging agents
  • Tacabrutideg, EHA 2026. OncLive. [SEC]
  • Bexobrutideg. Nurix SEC filing. [PR]
  • Sonrotoclax: first approval. Drugs 2026. DOI 10.1007/s40265-026-02322-0; PMID 42047966. [ABS]
  • Epcoritamab, EPCORE CLL-1, ASH 2024. Abstract. [CONF]
  • Interactions
  • Finnes HD et al. Leuk Lymphoma 2017. DOI 10.1080/10428194.2016.1251592; PMID 27820970. [ABS]
  • Lipsky A, Lamanna N. Hematology ASH Educ Program 2020. DOI 10.1182/hematology.2020000118; PMID 33275698. PMC. [FT]
  • Shatzel JJ et al. Ibrutinib-associated bleeding. J Thromb Haemost 2017. DOI 10.1111/jth.13651; PMID 28182323. PubMed. [ABS]
  • Volak LP et al. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2013. PMID 22725836. [ABS]
  • Chow HH et al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006. PMID 17164372. [ABS]
  • Piscitelli SC et al. Clin Infect Dis 2002. PMID 11740713. [ABS]

Diagnosis, pathology and early treatment

  • Pathology and node findings
  • Gibson SE et al. Haematologica 2011. DOI 10.3324/haematol.2011.042333; PMID 21546505. [ABS]
  • Giné E et al. Haematologica 2010. DOI 10.3324/haematol.2010.022277; PMID 20421272. [ABS]
  • Vadasz Z et al. Virchows Arch 2025. PMID 39243299. [ABS]
  • Sośnia O et al. Contemp Oncol 2025. PMID 40330448. [ABS]
  • Xiao W et al. Hum Pathol 2016. PMID 27184478. [ABS]
  • Tandon B et al. Mod Pathol 2011. PMID 21685909. [ABS]
  • Gradowski JF et al. Am J Clin Pathol 2012. PMID 22706868. [ABS]
  • Köhnke T et al. Br J Haematol 2017. PMID 28832948. [ABS]
  • Karube K et al. Int J Hematol 2025. PMID 38805112. [ABS]
  • Expert review studies
  • Laurent C et al. JCO 2017. PMID 28459613. [ABS]
  • Matasar MJ et al. Ann Oncol 2012. PMID 21415238. [ABS]
  • Proctor IE et al. JCO 2011. PMID 21343555. [ABS]
  • Bowen JM et al. Br J Haematol 2014. PMID 24697285. [ABS]
  • LaCasce AS et al. JCO 2008. PMID 18768434. [ABS]
  • Early versus deferred treatment
  • CLL Trialists' Collaborative Group. JNCI 1999. PMID 10340906. [ABS]
  • Dighiero G et al. NEJM 1998. PMID 9593789. [ABS]
  • CLL1 registry record. NCT00262782. [REG]
  • Herling CD et al. CLL7. Leukemia 2020. DOI 10.1038/s41375-020-0747-7; PMID 32071431. PMC. [FT]
  • Langerbeins P et al. CLL12. JCO 2025;43:392–402. DOI 10.1200/JCO.24.00975; PMID 39602678. [ABS]
  • CLL12, EHA 2023 abstract. PMC. [CONF]
  • Riecke A et al. CLL12 genetic subgroups. Blood 2026;148:1108–14. DOI 10.1182/blood.2025032806; PMID 42322115. [ABS]
  • EVOLVE. NCT04269902. [REG]
  • PreVent-ACaLL. NCT03868722; CTIS. [REG]
  • Martino EA et al. Eur J Haematol 2026. DOI 10.1111/ejh.70219; PMID 42135018. PMC. [FT]
  • Baumann T et al. Lymphocyte doubling time. Leukemia 2021. PMID 33542480. [ABS]

Prognosis

  • Prognostic indices
  • International CLL-IPI working group. Lancet Oncol 2016. DOI 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30029-8; PMID 27185642. [ABS]
  • Condoluci A et al. IPS-E. Blood 2020. DOI 10.1182/blood.2019003453; PMID 32267500. [ABS]
  • Smolej L et al. IPS-E validation. Br J Haematol 2021. PMID 33280081. [ABS]
  • Langerbeins P et al. CLL-IPI in the targeted era. Blood 2024. DOI 10.1182/blood.2023022564; PMID 38620092. [ABS]
  • Kreuzberger N et al. Cochrane 2020. PMID 32735048. [ABS]
  • Wang Y et al. Blood Cancer J 2021. PMID 34354039. PMC. [FT]
  • Al-Sawaf O et al. CIRI2-CLL. JCO 2026. DOI 10.1200/JCO-26-00161; PMID 42659576. [ABS]
  • Population survival and life expectancy
  • van der Straten L et al. Blood Cancer J 2022. PMID 35444185. PMC. [FT]
  • van der Straten L et al. HemaSphere 2024. PMID 39534384. PMC. [FT]
  • Hemminki K et al. Cancers 2024. PMID 39335200. PMC. [FT]
  • Hemminki K et al. Leukemia 2023. PMID 36828868. PMC. [FT]
  • Delgado J et al. Am J Hematol 2017. PMID 28120419. [ABS]
  • Shanafelt TD et al. Cancer 2010. PMID 20578179. [ABS]
  • Steingrímsson V et al. Eur J Haematol 2022. PMID 34714556. [ABS]
  • Modern-era outcomes and comorbidity
  • Allan JN et al. TP53-aberrant CLL on ibrutinib. Br J Haematol 2022. PMID 34865212. [ABS]
  • Kutsch N et al. Eur J Haematol 2026. PMID 41978941. [ABS]
  • Rotbain EC et al. Blood Adv 2022. PMID 35008098. [ABS]

Richter transformation

  • Incidence and risk factors
  • Ben-Dali Y et al. Leuk Lymphoma 2020. PMID 32031030. [ABS]
  • Parikh SA et al. Br J Haematol 2013. PMID 23841899. [ABS]
  • Lenartova A et al. Cancer Epidemiol 2019. PMID 30986631. [ABS]
  • Pepe S et al. Leukemia 2025. PMID 40562789. PMC. [FT]
  • Rossi D et al. Subset #8. Clin Cancer Res 2009. PMID 19509140. [ABS]
  • Rossi D et al. Node size. Br J Haematol 2008. PMID 18492108. [ABS]
  • Diagnosis and prognosis
  • Rossi D et al. Clonal relatedness. Blood 2011. PMID 21266718. [ABS]
  • Barrett A et al. Blood Adv 2025. PMID 40127387. [ABS]
  • Lee ONY et al. PET meta-analysis. Br J Radiol 2025. PMID 39933018. [ABS]
  • Wang Y et al. Mayo outcomes. Haematologica 2020. PMID 31197071. [ABS]
  • Katsimigas A et al. Br J Haematol 2026. PMID 42381485. [ABS]
  • Treatment
  • Al-Sawaf O et al. RT1. Nat Med 2024. PMID 38071379. [ABS]
  • Tedeschi A et al. MOLTO. Lancet Oncol 2024. PMID 39270702. [ABS]
  • Davids MS et al. Venetoclax + DA-R-EPOCH. Blood 2022. PMID 34788401. [ABS]
  • Kater AP et al. Epcoritamab. Lancet Haematol 2026. PMID 41380698. [ABS]
  • Kittai AS et al. CAR-T. JCO 2024. PMID 38552193. [ABS]
  • Wierda WG et al. Pirtobrutinib. Lancet Haematol 2024. PMID 39033770. [ABS]

Infection and vaccination

  • Immune status and immunoglobulin replacement
  • Parikh SA et al. Cancer 2015. PMID 25931291. [ABS]
  • Andersen MA et al. Haematologica 2018. PMID 29519862. PMC. [FT]
  • Glimelius I et al. EJHaem 2026. PMID 42540882. [ABS]
  • Cooperative Group for the Study of Immunoglobulin in CLL. NEJM 1988. PMID 2901668. [ABS]
  • Raanani P et al. Leuk Lymphoma 2009. PMID 19330654. [ABS]
  • Vaccine responses
  • Herishanu Y et al. Blood 2021. PMID 33861303. [ABS]
  • Bergman P et al. EBioMedicine 2021. PMID 34861491. [ABS]
  • Pleyer C et al. Blood 2021. PMID 33259596. [ABS]
  • Pleyer C et al. Blood Adv 2022. PMID 35157769. [ABS]
  • Svensson T et al. Vaccine 2018. PMID 29748028. [ABS]
  • Kättström M et al. Haematologica 2025. PMID 40045895. [ABS]
  • Folkhälsomyndigheten (all accessed 2026-10-07). [FT]
  • Höstens vaccinationer
  • Influenza
  • COVID-19
  • Pneumococcal recommendations (2026-09-01)
  • Pneumococcal risk-group programme
  • Shingles
  • RSV
  • TBE and risk areas
  • Hepatitis B
  • Diphtheria
  • 1177 Skåne. [FT]
  • Vaccination 2026/27 (2026-08-31)
  • Pneumococcal vaccination (2026-09-23)
  • RSV
  • Region Skåne and national cost sources
  • Region Skåne. Pneumokockvaccination (updated 2026-04-01, as shown in an archived copy from 2026-04-28). Web.
  • Region Skåne. Skånelistan, Herpesvirusinfektioner (2026-01-02). ARCH
  • Region Skåne. Patientavgifter – Vaccination (2026-04-21). ARCH
  • Hagstam P, Smittskydd Skåne. Slides, 2026-03-19. PDF. [FT]
  • Riksdagen. Fråga 2025/26:472. Web. [FT]

Exercise and lifestyle

  • Exercise evidence
  • Knips L et al. Cochrane 2019. PMID 30702150. [ABS]
  • Cunha PMP et al. Syst Rev 2025. PMID 40410915. [ABS]
  • MacDonald G et al. Sci Rep 2021. PMID 34848750. [ABS]
  • Brown FF et al. Front Oncol 2024. PMID 39703835. [ABS]
  • Sci Rep 2026. DOI 10.1038/s41598-026-38721-2; PMID 41656287. [ABS]
  • Miles EE et al. 2026 preprint, not peer reviewed. DOI 10.64898/2026.07.31.26359397. [ABS]
  • Miles EE et al. EJHaem 2025. PMID 40642445. [ABS]
  • Glimelius I et al. EJHaem 2024. PMID 39415908. PMC. [FT, partial]
  • Safety thresholds and sport
  • Elter T et al. Int J Hematol 2009. PMID 19629631. [ABS]
  • Yang YP et al. World J Clin Cases 2022. PMID 35647113. PMC. [FT]
  • Renzulli P et al. Br J Surg 2009. PMID 19787754. [ABS]
  • Newman W et al. BJSM 2021. DOI 10.1136/bjsports-2021-103994. [ABS]
  • Lifestyle, supplements and second cancers
  • Schöllkopf C et al. Int J Cancer 2007. PMID 17351903. [ABS]
  • Shanafelt TD et al. Vitamin D. Blood 2011. PMID 21048153. [ABS]
  • Tadmor T et al. Blood Adv 2024. PMID 38701347. [ABS]
  • Shanafelt TD et al. Green-tea extract. Cancer 2013. PMID 22760587. [ABS]
  • EFSA Panel. EFSA J 2018. PMID 32625874. [ABS]
  • Jamal F et al. Neutropenic diet. JCO Oncol Pract 2026. PMID 42721418. [ABS]
  • Drejøe AMB et al. JAMA Dermatol 2026. PMID 41920537. [ABS]
  • van der Straten L et al. Second cancers. Blood Cancer J 2023. PMID 36635262. [ABS]
  • 1177 Skåne. Checklista inför resan (2026-06-14). Web. [FT]

Trial registries

Experts, centres and support